Moody's downgrades US banking: ‘rapidly deteriorating operating environment’
cnbc.com
cnbc.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_rating_agencies_and_the...
Just a complete garbage company that is rotten to the core. Hell, its president is still the same person that was in charge before and during the recession caused, in large part, by his choices.
But it also reminds me of the joke: if the Pope tells you he believes in God that just means he’s doing his job. If he tells you he’s beginning to have doubts, maybe he’s onto something.
They have done good work in certain fields and are not the only game in town. Are the other agencies any better? My experience is a big phat NOPE same porn-set-relationship-odor in the business for my taste. There are minors in munis that stick to being legit, but ratings are ephemeral the moment they're published anyway.
Funny you don't mention AIG and how nobody there went to jail. I even know of one guy who back-dated securities to help out a buddy. Using taxpayer money. The industry is rife for a 70% pay haircut so real people can do real work in the real world. Finance itself shouldn't be an industry, it's a service.
It's hard for me to take anything seriously which is why I prefer the barter system and being an outlaw from society and only dropping in when I need. All of this is a sad, broken joke with no viable paths upward. Not yet at least.
Two weeks ago people would have described SVIB just like this. Have a look at Twitter, people all over describing how they did things that no one else would do, the people's bank.
Seriously. How can I compare Fitch, S&P and Moody's? Is there any way an outsider can disrupt their triopoly?
There is academic research into ratings quality, i.e. ex post facto analysis of credit ratings. Sort of like buying skis, there's no best rating agency for all products.
all joking aside, these sorts of watermarks regardless of their altruistic authenticity or perfection were routinely downplayed and ignored during the 2008 collapse. the Bush administration for all its best efforts literally devolved into a propaganda instrument with daily or weekly updates amounting to little more than wishful thinking at best, or wholesale deception at worst.
It feels like the finance of capitalism is some Heisenbergian monstrosity that, when functional and performant is observable and available for introspection and critique however once the wheels begin to fall off all hell breaks loose and we wind up with adolescent thinking that does all it can to elicit thoughts and prayers in an almost cargo cult performance random crap that often just serves as noise to drown out the human misery of the system itself.
Very profitable opinions, for sale.
Do you have evidence their MBS ratings failed?
Obviously, it's impossible to say given the massive government intervention. But AAA-rated mortgage products paid out as statistically expected. What they didn't do is hold mark-to-market value. That is what screwed people in banking who, seemingly repeatedly, can't get their heads around the difference between intrinsic and market value, on one hand, and liquidity, on the other hand. It's analogous to the hold-to-maturity debacle that felled Silicon Valley Bank.
Yes. The AAA-rates tranches which traded pennies on the dollar in ‘08 largely paid out as expected. That didn’t help banks trying to rely on them as their capital. But it noisily validated the ratings quality of those tranches. (Noisily because, again, massive government intervention.)
Risk cannot be destroyed, but it can be moved. Tranching lets one control this. So if 95% of a pool default, and 5% don't, and you prioritize their payments to a premium tranche, that premium tranche will continue performing. (The specifics are more complicated [1].)
[1] http://quantlabs.net/academy/download/free_quant_instituitio...
And when the borrowers defaulted on their mortgages, the property backing the mortgage went to the holders of the mortgages and got sold off to pay off the MBS holders.
Nevertheless, a 1% risk of default does not mean you might lose 1% of your money - it means 1% of the time you are going to lose 100% of your money, and 99% of the time you are going to lose 0%.
Confusion, uncertainty and a fire sale.
Nobody knew how bad defaults would get. Risk cannot be destroyed, simply moved. After a point it poisons the top tranche. The number of buyers who understood these complex instruments, moreover, was small. So if a bank held a bunch of them and needed liquidity fast, they would set off a fire sale.
The average person will interpret this and say "wow, the Federal Reserve is going to break the U.S. banking system if they keep interest rates too high!"
That said, I don't think there is any sort of complex plan. They're not as clever as you give them credit for, and it seems like things have spiraled out of control.
This all depends on how seriously you think they take the inflation mandate, versus how much they care about their constituent banks and other political pressures. I happen to think that they really do care about inflation, as they know it is what will matter in the history books.
I think that the Governors underestimated the long-term impact of extremely low rates, and how they would magnify the impact of increased rates on (commercial and investment) bank balance sheets. They love historical analogies, and there isn't one for this (yet).
would that have lead to a death spiral of hyperinflation (if they didn't try to destroy demand/suck liquidity out of the financial system)
> According to a 2020 Gallup poll, 55% of Americans reported owning stocks, either through individual stock purchases, mutual funds, or retirement accounts. This is down slightly from the high of 65% in 2007, but still represents a majority of the population.
The population has a portion of their retirement portfolios exposed to U.S. equities?
> When a company's stock price is down, executives may face pressure from shareholders to improve performance, which can lead to cost-cutting measures such as layoffs or reduced compensation for employees.
Additionally, if the stock market is not healthy (aka down), corporate executives probably aren't giving employees bonuses/raises and probably aren't going on a hiring spree.
aka, if the stock is down, more unemployment, more wages not keeping up with inflation
Per Hanlon, you're mistaking stupidity for malice. It's hard to prove Moody's knowingly rated "junk" as AAA, versus not knowing how to rate the instruments at all.
What other banks have half their deposits in 10 year lockup with zero hedging and an extremely undiverse group of depositors that will all act in lockstep?
With some critical thinking one can both blame the banks for misbehaving, but also see the irony in a rating agency's early warning of an impending downgrade being a partial catalyst in something a lot worse than a simple downgrade.
An overly simplistic world view means dealing in absolutes that are generally not compatible with the concept of fractional banking (or really any complex system).
did you mean SVB? they were insolvent, not just illiquid.
that is not technical definition of insolvency. if you can cover your debts but need time to do so, thats the definition of being illiquid, not insolvent.
my understanding of their books is that they could not cover their debts. the change in market conditions drove down their bond portfolio to the point of insolvency.
i said time is about liquidity, not solvency. i never said gaining money in the future makes you solvent in the past.
Granted, I think there is also a strong argument that shutting them was as much to stop the ability for the run to continue? Such that even with that loan option (that, again, didn't exist last week), something had to stop the run.
Any definition I can find defines insolvent as the inability to pay debts as they come due.
Insolvent is when your current liabilities exceed the current market value of your assets.
Otherwise, one could remain forever solvent by simply putting $100 into a total market index. Sure, I owe $1m right now, but in 1,000 years, my $100 will be worth more than enough to pay off the debt.
Which is fine but not all that useful. We know bank runs make banks fail.
> Insolvent is when your current liabilities exceed the current market value of your assets.
If I have a bank, and it's solvent (by jeaff's definition), and then it faces $42 billion in withdrawals in one day, then it's still solvent by jeaff's definition. It may be illiquid (unable to come up with $42 billion in cash in 24 hours), but the assets still exceed the liabilities. (Or, they might not even have been illiquid, if they could sell the assets at full price within a day.)
So, no, your argument does not disprove jeaff's definition.
I don't suppose you would like to pay a dollar for eighty cents, though.
The hold-to-maturity rules seem reasonable to me, and it's insane that SVB actively and voluntarily turned themselves from 'insolvent under a particular accounting interpretation' to 'actually insolvent'.
What is there besides the technical sense?
Their liabilities (deposits) can be called on demand, at any time, and they couldn't cover the value of those liabilities. This isn't complicated. Imaginary worlds where the bonds were worth more are irrelevant.
Insolvency means the value of their liabilities exceeds the value of the assets. The bank owned long term bonds that lost value and could no longer cover deposits. That's what happened, that's why people started pulling money from the bank.
I think the reality isn't that there's a desired outcome or conspiracy to move things in a direction. Reality is often boring.
This is really just a few banks in a country of over 4,000 banks. Shutting down SVB, Signature, and maybe a few others isn't going to dramatically change the banking landscape toward some desired end-game. Visa and Mastercard will still be giants, none of these banks are part of the 33 large banks that get extra stress-test scrutiny or the 30 Global Systemically Important Banks, etc. This will impact the banking sector. It's likely that we'll go back to some Dodd-Frank rules that Trump repealed. Some banking profits might be impacted by FDIC assessments. Banks might reassess their risk profiles. Some might offer higher interest rates to lure deposits. However, it's hardly creating something that goes toward some radical end-game.
I mean, if your end game is "Trump shouldn't have rolled back certain Dodd-Frank protections," then yes I could see that happening. But this isn't really paving the way for something like CBDC. That doesn't mean CBDC won't happen, this just really doesn't do anything to help it along. Really, the case for CBDC is more made by the 2-3% tax Visa and Mastercard are putting on our economy. "We need a secure digital payments system that doesn't cost merchants (and by proxy consumers) 2-3% on most of their purchases," is really unrelated to a few bank failures.
I'd also note that the Fed is basically made up of the banks - not in any conspiracy theory way. The regional Fed boards are mostly chosen by the member banks of that regional Fed (with some being appointed by the Board of Governors who is appointed by the President and confirmed by Congress). The FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) has 5 members that are regional Fed presidents (chosen by the regional Fed board who is chosen by the member banks) and 7 that come from the Board of Governors (President/Congress appoint/confirm). These aren't people who are plotting the end of commercial banking and trying to pave the way to some government-controlled single-bank.
And I don't believe that a CBDC would need to be some overbearing thing. The US needs a better way of making payments. Europe has regulated fees and also makes it really simple to send money between people. Here we're left with weird things like multi-day ACH, banking hours, and third-party cash-sending apps.
But I digress, this isn't really something that offers some major end-game. We'll probably see some regulations to ensure that banks don't face this issue in the future and that's about it.
> SMB and Signature bank suffered from a liquidity crisis rather than a solvency crisis
Solvency is complicated when we're talking about things that aren't cash. Let's say that you hold treasuries that the government will redeem in 10 years for $1.1M. You bought them for $1M and they're paying 0.96% interest per year. Normally, you could just sell them for somewhere around $1M because people are happy to buy US government debt. Now let's say the government is offering 2.5% interest on new debt. If I buy your treasury and hold it, I'm only getting $1.1M at the end. If I buy a new one, I'm getting $1.28M at the end. That's a big difference. I'm not going to buy your's at $1M despite the fact that it might nominally be worth $1M. Maybe I'll only give you $0.9M. $1.1M-$0.9M would mean a $200k gain which isn't as much as the $280k gain I'd get on new debt, but the maturity is a year closer. Still, you're losing $100k.
Ok, but that's just a liquidity issue for you, right? If someone just gave you the liquidity to hold you over until maturity, you'd get your $1.1M and be whole. Well, sorta. Realistically, with high interest rates and inflation, you're likely to lose some customers over time (who leave for banks that can offer them better rates) and you're recouping less due to inflation outpacing your investment. Plus, if someone just gives you the liquidity, you're asking them to lose money unless you're willing to pay them interest on that liquidity. Of course, if you're willing to pay them interest on that liquidity, then we're back to you being insolvent since the interest on that liquidity would be outpacing the interest in the treasuries you hold.
Assets on companies' books often don't get reevaluated every day and what something is worth can also be a bit complicated - people can disagree.
Retail (regular persons) are insured since almost everyone has <250k per account. They have no reason to change banks, that's why you don't hear anything.
Small/medium/large businesses however are changing their treasury options right now as we speak, and run from regional banks towards big systemically important banks (top4 basically)
There is zero downside in changing bank from small -> big4, only upside
CMBS issuance has also just about locked up this year, so don't bet it isn't still going to be relevant.