> Czechia is a European country you want to look at for an example that you can have gun laws that allow civilians to own handguns and carry them for defensive purposes without problems.

Let's see:

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A gun in the Czech Republic is available to anybody subject to acquiring a firearms license. Gun licenses may be obtained in a way similar to a driving license – by passing a gun proficiency exam, medical examination and having a clean criminal record.

the issuing authority (police) firearm owners' database is connected to information needed for a background check and red flags any incidents that may lead to loss of license requirements. Similarly, health clearance by the general practitioner is needed for periodical renewal of license (every ten years).

* also very specific restrictions depending on license *

Obtaining the license requires passing a theoretical and practical exam.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_law_in_the_Czech_Republic

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Oh look, already more strict than many states in the US (and some states are busy removing any restrictions).