Understanding the Behaviors of Toxic Accounts on Reddit [pdf]
kumarde.com
kumarde.com
Reddit the site lends itself to this sort of toxicity because there is no real process to control or moderate moderators, only if there are legal concerns or if the corporation wants the sub for themselves. A good example here is this story about the alt-right mods on /r/canada https://ricochet.media/en/2385/canadas-largest-subreddit-acc...
So no, it's not always the users that are toxic. Mods do their part in curating a toxicity environment, and so does the corporation by enabling them.
Are users allowed to hold an election on who are the mods in a sub? No. So congrats userbase, problematic mods for life, and if someone doesn't like it, Reddit shrugs and says go use some other sub.