In my (Canadian) view my data going to the US is a lot worse.
From a physical safety perspective, I'm unlikely to ever go to China, but I do sometimes have to fly in to or through the US. In doing so I risk being held in solidarity confinement and extradited to a another country to be tortured (see Maher Arar). Or perhaps held in some prison with no rights because it's just slightly outside the US, and again tortured depending on the daily definition of what's not actually torture. That I haven't actually done anything doesn't seem to matter very much.
Plus a large amount of my data already passes through the US, where it's collected. Because I'm not an American I'm not even afforded the little bit of privacy protection of this data. For example it's not easy to use my Canadian voip provider without the traffic being routing through the US.
The US is also a much larger threat to country's sovereignty than China is. For example they've basically forced my government to hand over Canadian bank account data unless citizens explicitly decree that they're not from the US. They've forced through ridiculous DRM and drug laws.