My company operates in a Windows centric industry and our software team uses it as well.

It turns out you don't need administrative privileges for a lot of dev work (installing and running vs code, python, node, many databases, etc...).

My experience is that sudo apt-get install is a Linux Distro thing, most programs don't need special permissions as long they are installed in user scope.

So, answering your question, our devs are like regular users: when they need to install something that needs privileges they call IT. Surprisingly, that rarely happens.