It's not quite the same out of the box experience (after making sure you have the latest chipset drivers, use the balanced power plan and NOT the performance plan, and have Xbox Game Bar..), but it's possible to force certain processes and executables to run on specific CPU cores in Linux using taskset and verify that they're running on the correct cores. It will be a little tedious if you play a lot of games on Steam as you'll inevitably run into games that use proton and others that use native binaries, but there's nothing that should prevent you from being able to manually schedule games/programs that need the extra cache onto the cores that have the extra cache.