A single button that says "Yes" with no question mark anywhere in the dialog is definitely a dark pattern.
Windows is full of dark patterns, so I don't really know why I had even a modicum of doubt.
Between the aforementioned dark pattern with the buttons/not-buttons (they didn't even bother to vertically align "This app only" and the button), the not-a-question "do what we tell you" phrasing, the blank title, and a dialog that's overall around twice as tall as it needs to be, it seems recent Windows is unfortunately full of user-hostile and also disgustingly amateurish WTFs like this.