Highly doubt it.
> at the cost of readability.
You mean the readability of "p-2 bg-red-500 text-lg font-medium" or "i-dont-remember-what-this-class-does"?
I'd argue the readability in Tailwind is better. Tailwind is highly indicative of what it does and doesn't waste time when it comes to consistency.
The only real argument is that it adds extra length to the class attribute, but then again, it doesn't cause issues like finding the same class in 50 different CSS files or not having any auto-completion.