In a modern society with a high degree of anonymity the after effects of having to wear a mask would be minimal. Unless you have some kind of a formal “social credit” system. But even these it would only affect certain stratums.
https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/03/31/public-shaming...
That being said, the masks would still fulfill their purpose of highlighting criminals out on the street. At least until social media turns it into a trend and people willingly start wearing the masks to be edgy.
Then think of the punishment as essentially house arrest, with the small relaxation that you may leave your house if you wear something humiliating.
Elizabeth Warren made a lot of hay off her false heritage claims - a punishment like this seems more appropriate than what's currently available.