For projects I currently just put them into a cardboard box with their parts and label that box.
Beyond a certain scale I recommend using a software like for example https://inventree.org/, especially when you have project boxes with parts in them and need to get ab overview of how much stock you have where.
Examples of labels: sensors, displays, switches, pin headers, heat shrink tubing, microcontroller boards.
I like being able to move them around to where you need them.
Tools go into a drawer at the desk though.
https://github.com/jeffbarr/gridfinity-catalog
https://github.com/aderusha/DDD-Printable-Wall-Control-Syste...
Avoid drawers which take up a large volume as they’re mostly empty and tend to end up all over the floor when they inevitably fall over.