As a topical counterpoint, governments can also just switch off the existing currency in favor of a new currency and create a cash scarcity crisis when theres not enough of the new currency in circulation. This is exactly the situation in Nigeria right now. See:

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/15/angry-protests...

Another recent example of a hard currency crisis is what's been happening in Lebanon, where the government simply switched off full access:

https://www.ft.com/content/a710fa12-e7fe-4aab-8e4f-962f01add...