Except having these discussions is really hard. It ends up being you against uncle bob and you are not gonna win that argument against a senior-er engineer.
Don't think so. If the senior engineer is worth his salt he should know that programming is always about finding a balance between several aspects of a given problem - some of them technical, some of them human. As long as the code does what it's supposed to do the rest is mostly up to personal taste - so yes, you can have an insightful discussion, but there's only to learn, nothing to "win" for all participants.
Yep, but in practice Seniority comes either from experience or time in the industry. So you'll undoubtedly meet seniors that won't try to find that balance.