I think it is better to have no commute, since it is unpaid, and pollutes.
To me, an unpaid, let‘s say 1h, commute is worse on principle, and requires a strong case before accepting. WFH is better by default based on this principle.
I have been WFH since before the pandemic, but technically there is an office I could commute to. It would take me about an hour each way. If I did that Monday to Thursday, that's 8 hours - so four 10-hour days if commuting was part of my "on the clock" time. If my employer told me I had the option to make Friday a weekend day in exchange for commuting Monday to Thursday, I would strongly consider it and think of it as a reasonable compromise.
I would have less convenient and more expensive days for the working week, but more time off. They get 8 fewer hours of me in front of a keyboard, but do get the supposed benefits of office-based employees.
A full time employee is paid for 40h per week. So using commonly available tools we can determine the average commute time and in many countries travel time is considered work time.
So on paper but generally rarely enforced, you should be able to subtract your commute time from the 40h and end up with actual work time.
Everything on top being overtime and should be paid according to rates mandated legally.
Except for a handful of companies and state employees, I've never seen overtime being paid, though.
That’s not true, at least in the US. The amount of hours I work weekly has never been tracked at any company big or small.
You’re not paid for 40 hours a week, you’re paid to keep up with the general standard of your peers. 40 hours is a very vague estimate of the time required to do so.
We have a time tracking system and overtime is either paid (not in my company, alas) or you can take it as free time.
There are studies around this topic. My issue is that, they are never cited when these decisions are announced.