Machine learning (or more specifically deep learning) is shaking the world precisely because the models at the highest end are able to take in mostly unlabeled garbage and spit out useful results in an unsupervised manner. The world is not full of i.i.d. spherical cows.

100 years of statistical advances have not been able to solve image recognition at scale until convolutional neural networks. Large language models may be somewhat Bayesian but they do not resemble any traditional Bayesian techniques except at the highest level. Clean data and good sampling are incompatible with the real world outside of laboratory conditions (or large budgets).