(Edwin from Stripe here.) This is a really unfortunate situation. I can't talk specifics since it's a regulatory/legal matter and the decision wasn't up to us. But as others have pointed out, Stripe Connect should be used if you're building a marketplace. This gives the marketplace owner, Stripe, and the card networks some visibility into what's being exchanged—and so the marketplace owner can put proper safeguards in place to keep the marketplace safe, for both sellers and their customers. I'm saddened by what happened and I hope this does not deter JR from building future products.