I run it standalone, because I wanted a CalDAV system that could integrate with my local FreeIPA domain via LDAP. The only other project that met this requirement was davical [1], but it seemed much less active.
I ended up writing my own FreeIPA/LDAP authentication and principal backends [2] for sabre/dav. I believe they have a PDO backend built in, if you want to store your users in a database.
Basically, you composer install sabre/dav and wire all the components together in server.php. You'll also want to redirect the /.well-known/{caldav,carddav} URLs with a rewrite rule in your webserver. Most of this is described in their documentation [3].
If you're looking for turn-key solution with an administration GUI, you probably want Baikal [4], which is based on sabre/dav.
[2] https://github.com/sacredheartsc/sabredav-freeipa
Did you look at cyrusimap? Surely it supports auth via ldap?