The simplest solution would be to require sites that have user-contributed content to add the RTA header [0], create legislation requiring the most common browser apps to recognize this header and integrate with parental controls which most devices already have and put the liability on the parents to parent their children. It doesn't have to be every app or device, just the most common that children would have access to. Cell phones and tablets already have controls and apps to let children use specific apps. Teens will find ways around this, just as they would using some 3rd party service that requires a credit card and thus leading to more CC fraud. Let's keep financial data out of this and keep teens from starting their adult life with a criminal record of financial fraud.
My previous comments. [1][2]
[0] - https://davidwalsh.name/rta-label (2011)