‘I’ve given up getting paid’: global tech platform accused of exploiting artists
theguardian.com
theguardian.com
The last part is 'true value'--that's hard to say for artistic work. Market value is what's transacted and un/fortunately platforms are very efficient in lowering that. So the only advice I can imagine here is find/use a platform that has higher standards and higher returns, if they exist.
For technical work, I have used crowdsourced competitions where only the selected or top 3 submissions that satisfy criteria by a deadline get paid. Being global, I can't really compete on hourly cost with a higher cost of living. I mainly used it as a means to do some hobby work, get some extra cash, and motivation/deadlines to try new things. In that context I had no issues despite not doing much research on platforms other than finding one that had higher priced tasks.
I believe the "if" in your sentence is the "on spec" part. You spend time (effectively money) working on something that may or may not get used and thus paid.
> The 'spec'/agreement doesn't seem ambiguous.
"spec" isn't specification in this context; it's more akin to "speculation". Oxford dictionary gives "on spec" as "in the hope of success but without any specific plan or instructions".