This has been a major topic in political science at least since neoliberalism became the bi-partisan consensus world view of both viable US political parties in the mid to late '80s. Stateless corporations, neocolonialism, intergovernmental regulatory regimes, et c., et c. By the '00s, at the latest, it was probably at the top of a very short list of topics that were receiving a
ton of attention in the field.
The Tobin Tax and other policy ideas in response to the whole thing, concerns about interconnectedness leading to economic fragility and new kinds of global economic risk (as in e.g. the '97 "Asian Contagion", a domino-effect economic collapse that was only stopped by massive foreign [largely US] and IGO [largely IMF] intervention), the implications for state sovereignty, all that stuff's been covered and considered extensively for quite a while.