For quite a while, the parallel port was the only external high(-ish) speed port on PCs, not only used for printing, but also scanning, networking (with a yellow LapLink cable, or, if you wanted to get really fancy, a Xircom Pocket Ethernet adapter that almost did 10Mbits/s) and even storage (various weird MO contraptions, but also a regular hard disk with almost 1MB/s read performance...).
The history in the linked article is quite comprehensive, and touched on the slightly-incompatible (EPP, ECP) standardization efforts for bidirectional use. When USB finally came along, that made things a lot more convenient.