At the university level, the problem of cheating is more a problem with our idea of a university. In an ideal world, you go to a university to learn. If someone wants to cheat, ultimately they're just cheating themselves (and, if at a private university or even most public universities, throwing a lot of money away). "Cheating" isn't really the university's problem in that view.

Ofc, in reality universities aren't (or not only, and in most cases not primarily) about learning, but about credentialism. Employers and various social systems outsource to universities the role of verifying that people actually know something, or are the "right" sort of person, or other signals.

I don't know how one goes about fixing that, or if it's even possible, but I'd like to see more acknowledgement of it. Fixing "cheating" feels like the equivalent of looking to clever programming to fix product bugs.