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Many years ago I wrote a C compiler in assembly language. It wasn't hard, and C hasn't changed that much. The complexity in modern compilers is in the optimisation, which you don't need if you're bootstrapping. It's not impossible.

A pragmatic approach!

There are people who spend time trying to solve this issue!

https://bootstrappable.org/

https://www.gnu.org/software/mes/

The idea here, is that if you can get a very basic C compiler, you can start building TinyCC, and eventually build a pre-C++ version of GCC, and from there build up to modern GCC. This is a lot easier said than done of course, but not quite as bad as needing the original compilers from the 70s!

No, you only need two compilers that have not been subverted by the same adversary.

https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/01/countering_tr...

That’s a good point

It'd be a fun exercise to write a tiny Forth in machine code (sans assembler) and use it to write enough of a C compiler to build tcc, or something along those lines. From there I think you can chain old (but accessible) gcc versions up to modern gcc.