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I think it's almost the opposite - (I think) banks started issuing credit cards (with no ability to overdraw) as "debit cards" because it makes them more convenient for online shopping and such.

Not sure why else "debit cards" would suddenly have CVV codes and such.

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All cards run through payment networks like Visa and Mastercard, which is why they all have a PAN, CVV, etc. The distinction between credit and debit really just depends on the source of the funds backing the card: either a line of credit, or a bank account that is debited. The allocation of the transaction fee is also usually different, but that tends to be transparent to the customer (and sometimes the merchant).

Banks also charge an outlandish overdraft fee per transaction of something like $35, limited to 3-4 per day. The default for most debit cards AFAIK is to enable overdraft protection. You have to specifically disable it at the bank (which everyone should do). Making an extra $100/day for a few small overdrafts is a very profitable racket.

"Overdraft and NSF fees cost Americans an estimated $15.5 billion in 2019"

https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/blog/comparing-over...

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