yeah 286 was minimum. I had an 8088 XT and it would not run.
However... there is a little known game that id Software did release that would run on an 8088. It's called Catacomb 3-D[1]. It was basically Wolfenstein with goblins and skeletons. Pretty sure that engine went on to become Wolf3d.
Despite the Wikipedia page saying it runs on a EGA I had a CGA monitor and was running it. Thinking I might be losing my mind I downloaded the source code on archive.org[2] and sure enough there is reference to CGA code all over the place.