Very much possible yes. The banana trade in particular has a sordid history.

Here is one about striking workers masacred: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Massacre

Or there is this Guatemalan coup d’état which was lobbied for by United Fruit Company: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_Guatemalan_coup_d%27éta...

So, yes. I think it might just happen that buying banana from somewhere keeps them poor. These are so well known cases that I somewhat suspect you asked the question as a softball.