The Mathematics of Lego
wired.com
wired.com
This is why I always enjoyed getting larger sets, especially technic sets, as they always had rare pieces that were extremely useful for a specific function. For example, the shifter gate piece in the original supercar set: http://www.peeron.com/inv/parts/6543
there was a nice website tracing history of bricks dimensions but I can't find it for the moment.