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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_algorithms (seriously! Scan it, choose something that looks interesting and you'll have hours of fun ahead of you.)

As much as it seems like common sense as that page would exist on Wikipedia, it had never occurred to me, Brilliant - Thank you.

Thanks, but neither fountain nor rateless codes appear on that page. :(

No, but it does link to Forward error correction, which links to fountain codes as well as rateless codes.