$ dig @8.8.8.8 palant.info [...] palant.info. 1800 IN A 94.130.151.233 [...]

https to that IP works (after ignoring the stern warnings) so maybe the phenomenon is limited to my ISP in Germany or some of their DNS servers.

I was transferring the domain to a new provider, and the old provider decided to drop the DNS entries before the transfer was completed. Great service. :-/