If I hire an employee, I have to pay payroll taxes on the salary I pay him or her, and then I also have to pay business taxes on the value that the employee gives to the company in the form of increased revenue. Is this "double taxation" also a cause for moral outrage?
All I can think of is defense (not offense), intelligence, (poorly executed) safety nets, (some) education and (some) infrastructure.
Lot of qualifiers, which exemplifies the problem.
Tax rates are determined (well, should be) by what works. If some double taxation is good for the nation, more power to it.
A statement like the one you made really needs further reasoning to back it up. You might even be correct - but just claiming something to be true doesn't make it so.
Our tax system has to try and fix one of the fundamental flaws of capitalism -- the tendency for the rich to get richer and the poor to get poorer. Without a capital gains tax, this very worst aspect of capitalism becomes even more emphasized, as capital will last forever.
Certainly, the rich may get rich faster than the poor, but that's far from the same thing.
BS. Riches to shirtsleeves abound. Wealth rarely lasts three generations. Now, there are certain subgroups that seem mired in poverty, but that's another matter. The extent to which the rich have been getting richer and the poor getting poorer for the last 30 years in America has everything to do with the explosive growth of government and regulation, NOT capitalism.
Capital gains should be zero. All wealth creation is driven by savings and capital. Maximized capital investment and the incentives to save, maximize growth.
Income taxes should also be zero, by the way. It is entirely feasible to fund a properly scoped government with excise, duties, and user fees.