Then perhaps you had less-than-great managers, and I could think of a variety of reasons for that.
Maybe it was as simple as you claim: no consideration was made to introducing an undercooked user experience. But if a software development manager is green lighting that, likely causing more work for customer service and perhaps sales, I would hope there’s more to the story than that.
Maybe this manager didn’t communicate why releasing a bad experience by a specific date was, perhaps, mandatory to fulfill a contractual obligation. Or maybe you were not able to sort that out from the limited amount of information they gave you.
Maybe they didn’t see the bad UX as truly as bad as you, and perhaps your team, thought it was. Maybe where you thought the feature’s UX passed the 80/20 rule was different than many customers.
I’ve had (product and project, not as often people) managers who have pushed to hold on delivering a half-baked implementation. And I’ve been a manager who has done that. Those better managers exist
Did you ever get feedback or do something to reevaluate why the bad experience was shipped?
The experiences you describe do sound like clueless folks making calls, but know that there are folks in management positions not just wildly flailing about.