There are quite few initiatives that tried to do what the Python tutorial, but ultimately failed or didn't get enough traction in the Ruby land.
The best method in my opinion to learn Ruby is to just try to code a Rails app and learn along the way, but if you like to stop and read and learn the language constructs, the Pickaxe book is the best. It isn't stuck in 1.6 as you've mentioned, it was just released for Ruby 3.2.
There are so many other Ruby books as well, like eloquent Ruby and so on.
Another solution is do a course on pluralsight or any other website, I bet there are many teachers and tutors that will help you nail down the language's basics.
BTW, just showcasing how the Ruby community can document well... the Rails documentation is the best documentation I've ever read. It's concise and presents basically every concept of the framework with practical examples.
I'd say Rust and Elixir have also good documentation, but I've never came across with a so well thought out doc as the Rails one.