A dependency can exploit your system deliberately, not just with side effects. If you're not strictly pinning all of your dependency versions, one malicious update that makes it to the package manager can ruin your whole world.
Our package managers operate entirely on trust. Nobody is guaranteed to be checking to make sure some random package's maintainer isn't submitting malicious updates.
As a community we're all lazy and basically hope that somebody else is invested enough to check everyone else's work. In the case of OpenSSL, we've found that some projects become so complex that almost nobody does for long periods of time.