Martin-Löf type theory (and, therefore, homotopy type theory) is like an idealized programming language that is capable of expressing both programs and proofs, such that you can prove your code correct in the same language. Hacker News is a mostly technical community that often likes to geek out on programming languages.
Homotopy type theory is an especially cool flavor of type theory that finally gives a satisfying answer to the question of when two types should be considered propositionally equal.