Littering onto your property is rarely allowed, so you can call the non-emergency local police number.
There's no need to impose the radical restrictions of HOAs to solve problems that already have simple solutions without any of the downsides.
I am lucky enough to be able to afford a large land area to put my future home on and fence the rest. If I ever wanted to allow others to build their houses there I would certainly want a set of rules - that is HOA.
It is a problem and if you don't have mechanism to deal with it is sheer luck if you manage to avoid it.
Take a trip 15mins away to a non-HOA neighborhood and you will quickly see all the above (other than the pool, pond, etc). It is my belief most people will take the least path of resistance, and without some sort of community rules in place, nice neighborhoods will end up like the wild-wild-west.
* The neighbor to the left has 4 broken down cars in the front yard and a backhoe/excavator in their back yard
* The neighbor to the right has essentially a dog pound (er: "rescue") with animals barking all day/night
* The neighbor across the street has not done any lawn maintenance in over a year. The grass is so high you can find wild animals living on the property.
* The assessed value of your home has plummeted because the entire neighborhood is in similar disarray.
But, yeah, they have "freedom" to do whatever they want.