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I agree with your thesis that genuine value creation will become more important.

I think this is a more exciting market to operate in as opposed to one where we simply need to raise and spend cash as quickly as possible.

For the first time in my career I'm also feeling cautiously optimistic about the future.

I'm one of these people who was absolutely terrible in this low-rate environment. At least I got to learn about some of the reasons why I absolutely suck at it.

One of my worst character traits is that I'm missing the hair-trigger opportunist factor (AKA "you've got one shot" factor) and this is precisely one of the traits which was rewarded heavily by the low-rate environment since it tends to reward first movers disproportionately.

What are some the skills or things you know that make you successful in this new environment, if I may ask?

I think I might be one of those, but I lack the contextual information/knowledge to act on it.

Well I can't be sure I will be successful in this new environment. Surely there's always luck involved. But I suspect that I will benefit from an environment where capital is spent more carefully. As someone who always bootstraps, it's been tough to compete against large amounts of capital. Too much capital flowing into an industry creates competition which drives up advertising CPC and crushes profit margins in that industry... Especially if those well-funded competitors aren't looking to make a profit themselves. If your competitor is willing to blow all their cash on advertising and allow their profit margins to shrink down to 0, you will also be forced to drop your margins down to 0 in order to remain competitive. If you're bootstrapped and rely on profit margins to sustain yourself, you simply cannot stay afloat in such competitive low-margin environment.

With high interest rates, there is an increased incentive for investors to just park their money into savings accounts instead of putting it to work (competing against small businesses) in the markets.

Are we saying there's a new era of small businesses thriving in the tech / software industry? God I hope so!

> genuine value creation

But how do we even know what this is anymore? With more than half the wealth accumulated by the top fraction of society it seems like ultra-luxury goods are going to be the most profitable, but surely that's not actually genuine value creation.

And have we strayed too far to achieve that without austerity? How will we pay interest on the national debt?

Does the top fraction of society ever actually spend significant amounts though. No. Trickle-down has never worked.

They don't have to spend it per se; by conventional economic theory, as long as they keep it in the bank, it's enough. Keynes:

> Europe was so organized socially and economically as to secure the maximum accumulation of capital. While there was some continuous improvement in the daily conditions of life of the mass of the population, Society was so framed as to throw a great part of the increased income into the control of the class least likely to consume it. The new rich of the nineteenth century were not brought up to large expenditures, and preferred the power which investment gave them to the pleasures of immediate consumption. ... If the rich had spent their new wealth on their own enjoyments, the world would long ago have found such a régime intolerable. But like bees they saved and accumulated, not less to the advantage of the whole community because they themselves held narrower ends in prospect.

> Thus this remarkable system depended for its growth on a double bluff or deception. On the one hand the laboring classes accepted ... a situation in which they could call their own very little of the cake that they ... were co-operating to produce. And on the other hand the capitalist classes were allowed to call the best part of the cake theirs and were theoretically free to consume it, on the tacit underlying condition that they consumed very little of it in practice. ... And so the cake increased; but to what end was not clearly contemplated. Individuals would be exhorted not so much to abstain as to defer, and to cultivate the pleasures of security and anticipation. Saving was for old age or for your children; but this was only in theory,—the virtue of the cake was that it was never to be consumed, neither by you nor by your children after you.

Ultra luxury goods have a few downsides tho. The ultra rich are not easy customers, there is a high risk involved with having few customers (e.g. they could leave you hanging, another company could outperform you and grab that customer and you are basically done for etc.). A friend of my family has made his living selling handcrafted multi-million dollar hunting rifles. Let me tell you, these people are not easy to deal or negotiate with. The income brackets below are happier to spend and there is more of them

Even ultra luxury good creators rely a lot on other stuff, like manufacturing machines, hardware, parts, materials, etc. So the safer bet is probably going to be to sell shovels in a gold rush.

> handcrafted multi-million dollar hunting rifles

Haha what?

Haha indeed. The difference between men and boys is not just the price of their toys anymore it seems: it's also got to shoot real bullets and kill animals. Aren't humans cute?

I refer to this as the US 3rd nuclear bomb.

Most countries hold USD reserves/bonds.

If US prints money, the wealth of all countries holding USD goes down. While the wealth of US increases.

Since US started this monetary policy of easy money printing, they have been "bombing" the rest of the world, violence-free, ammunition-free and uranium-free.

I am not an American, but if I were, I would be pretty happy about it. Yes, it would affect me and my neighbors, but in the end I would be getting a net benefit.

The real beauty is how the other countries don't even fully realize this is happening to them and the people who do realize (finance ministries, central bankers, etc.) are kept rich enough to not talk about it too much.

They are trying to replace usd as the reserve currency.

> If US prints money, the wealth of all countries holding USD goes down. While the wealth of US increases.

True, yet average Americans lose out because their savings get eaten away by inflation

Real interest rates have been positive. Unless you were saving in a mattress, your purchasing power increased.

Not where I have been living in USA. Food and energy and rent in USA far outstripped interest rates on savings accounts or government bonds.

But for how long? Past year? Ten years? Century?

Wut? Tell me where savings accounts have rates that exceed inflation.

People in other countries usually have freedom to minimise their US dollar holdings, holding their wealth in pesos, rupees or lira instead and only obtaining dollars for specific transactions.

But they don't, because they'd lose a lot more wealth if they held it in pesos, rupees or lira than USD.

In fact the story of the last decade has been one of significant increases in the purchasing power of wealth held in dollars compared even with currencies of reasonably stable Western developed economies.

> All the money which exists in the system was created out of nothing

People keep saying this. But hasn't it almost always been true, almost everywhere? Apart from some rare exceptions, such as people using livestock as money.

A bunch of smart Dutch people got the idea of asking people for money which they would pay back with future profits.

This managed to fund a war with the Spanish empire that owned almost all silver mines.

Paper won against hard currency. And the rest is history.

You are naive as the m3 is not just m1. The original thinking is that once increase the base it has to cut back. It never did and for some reason (china) the inflation never came! It was until the pandemic underway and masked so much that the world except USA has too late to control the inflation. And putin is not helping. And that firm did not die especially big one does not help, just like russia and later china.

The idea that interest rate has to be at least 2% above the inflation will cut and hurt. It is not about the 0 interest rate. But the inflation and the difficulty and having the political will to let the central bank (and they have the clear head) to do the right thing, guy.

So far only USA seemed working. And if war in Europe and later in pacific rim ongoing, once again we have USA.

> adapt their strategy to suit the new environment

Yes, am raising cash and looking for US government debt to go 10%+ to lock in some sweet risk-free yield.

We are barely ticking up to moderate interest rates, I doubt we will ever see high interest rates ever again. Though it'd be interesting to see if your thesis is true.