I think 3.12 will get subinterpreters, which will allow you to have multiple interpreters, each on its own thread, sharing the process memory space. So kind of like a stopgap in between having real multithreading and pythons current situation. I'm not sure what to think of it so far, so until there's some beta or RC build to test, I don't think I'll be able to form an opinion.

Exactly the same as it ever was, but if you're doing cpu-heavy stuff on python objects you're doing it wrong because they'll never be Fast.

There is a branch of the 3.9 release that removed the GIL created by Sam Gross that you can read about here: https://gavincyi.github.io/2022-10-03-does-sam-gross-nogil-c...

There is some work to bring it up to 3.12 and some resistance to merge it into 3.X because of the impact on extension modules (they all have to be recompiled and in some cases changed a bit).

If you are interested in it, reach out to Sam. He has done a pretty impressive piece of engineering work.