Microsoft has been retiring on-prem products as a business strategy for over 12 years now. Why would GitHub be the snowflake exception? Somewhere, in some CVP's mind GitHub ES is already EOL (look at GitHub.com/enterprise they are already muddling the meaning of "enterprise")
If you look at /.codespaces/bin or /workspaces/.codespaces/shared on GitHub Codespaces you'll understand how tightly coupled GitHub Codespaces is to Microsoft Azure thus on-prem isn't going to happen. The likely path they could do it would be like JetBrains Spaces does it "configure in our IAM/ARM key and we will provision Azure/AWS virtual machines" via GitHub Enterprise Server.
$ ghuntley /workspaces/.codespaces/shared $ grep sku * environment-variables.json: "skuName": "Standard_F2s_v2",
If you want further information check out https://coder.com/blog/github-codespaces-coder-and-enterpris...
license forbids using it to host a service for others, but you can host it for yourself.