Out of network providers are a real issue and certain specialties, frankly, have the hospitals by the balls. The hospitals would love to employ those anesthesiologists. Good luck finding ones who will accept that job offer. We have the 'no surprises act' now that's supposed to address this issue but it's not working very well https://www.hfma.org/topics/hfm/2022/october/no-surprises-ac...