It didn't hurt that yes, they advertised it, but I don't think it's fair to discount the effect that the "technorati" had on increasing its adoption.
That is, pretty much every tech person I know switched to Chrome because it was just so much better than what existed at the time, primarily its faster JS speed with v8, and I think most importantly for actual end-user experience, per-process tab isolation so that one bad tab wouldn't crash the whole browser. These were real, important innovations that had the tech elite quickly adopting Chrome.
So what happens once it's adopted by the tech elite? First, they push for making it the default install on new computers, which has a huge effect. Next, every time Mom or Dad or Grandma asks kid/grandkid for tech support, the first thing they do is say "Install Chrome first, that should help with a lot of your problems" - I certainly know I did it with my family members.
So while I don't want to discount advertising, I also like to say that it's easy to advertise great products - you just need to let people know the product exists, because eventually the product's benefits are self-apparent.