I would differ on this. It’s access to capital and connections. For the longest time access to capital in India has been limited and children are expected to support parents in their old age. Hence, the heavy move towards the cushy job at google. To be fair a large cohort of IIT & IISc grads come to top American universities.
I actually think standardized tests create more equality than other methods. The whole recommendation letter/essay/interview is an eyewash.