What you are saying all breaks down with larger codebases.

A codebase with 1000 people working on it benefits dramatically from static typing. Everyone who has tried to do the same thing with dynamic typing has learned that. And quite a few companies that started off with Python had to rewrite everything in Java.

If you honestly think that nobody ever passes the wrong type, you've never worked on a complex dynamic codebase with a lot of people. It happens all the time.