I believe using reinterpret_cast to reinterpret a float as an int is undefined behavior, because I don't believe that follows the type aliasing rules [1]. However, you could reinterpret a pointer to a float as a pointer to char, unsigned char, or std::byte and examine it that way.

As far as I'm aware, it's safe to use std::memcpy for this, and I believe compilers recognize the idiom (and will not actually emit code to perform a useless copy).

[1] https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/reinterpret_cast