Considered -all in- - if you count the emissions required to keep a modern car operational (which includes accounting for much of society itself, I'd guess) this may be lower.

But that gets obscured because we already HAVE the high-emissions society with all the parts and pieces and knowhow.

After all, a vehicle that fails in the middle of nowhere may never be towed back and fixed unless it's like this one - fixable with very little.