We generally had a doc, read it, and then discussed it.
In my experience, those meetings were much more informed and focused than meetings with presentations.
So all of them? I don't disagree that all of my undergrad classes would have been better if they just e-mailed me a doc.
You send out an email and people misinterpret it, and there’s some nuance, and there’s a bunch of back and forth communication, but nothing ever gets resolved—maybe that should have been a meeting.
You set up a meeting to explain something to 50 people in your department—maybe that could have been an email.
Asynchronous tools like email or even Slack are better for topics with less ambiguity, aren't controversial, or doesn't require a ton of back and forth.
Lastly, meetings are better for building relationships, trust, etc.
So basically any ambiguity about the outcome. When you're not sure what hill to take, when there's competing priorities, when there's conflicting information and you need alignment, when there's risk and you need to spread it appropriately.
The reason you need a meeting is an email by itself will be insufficiently conclusive, and everyone writing emails will be talking past each other.