It doesn't provide a clear explanation in those terms, and in some fraction of positions, there is no simple such explanation. But I believe that in a decent fraction of cases, a human chess player probing PVs will gain a reasonable understanding of the winning or drawing strategy involved, and that such interactive PV probing is often a better form of explanation than a concise non-interactive textual one could offer.

There is no equivalent to that in neural networks.

Note that PVs explain the connection between the root position of minimax search and a leaf positions. Evaluation at the latter is easy to explain in terms of features like material, mobility, pawn structure, king safety, etcetera.