The relationship with your manager is the single most important thing regarding work.
If you don't respect your manager or your manager doesn't respect you, it's probably wise to pretend that you're already getting PIP'd.
Today you are angry and motivated, but if you let this continue, you will end up burnt out with an abundance of cynicism and the feeling of defeat. You must protect yourself.
The best revenge is to live a better life.
> OTOH it is a bit fucked up to quit a job especially these days because of an incapable manager and an a$$hole colleague.
This is self talk to prevent yourself from doing what you already know you need to do. It is a false barrier and a prison of your own making.
At a previous job I worked at, the manager said there was official policy on high about the phrase "creating a hostile work environment," and that hearing that phrase invokes mandatory HR process. So if you want to go to your manager and say, "I feel like Mr. google is creating a hostile work environment," you can certainly see how that goes. Harassment is a legal claim, so you will spike anxiety. You can write an e-mail (or keep a contemporaneous journal) if you want paper trail.
Just keep in mind you're basically in the position of launching a sexual harassment claim. I have multiple friends who tried to get sexual harassment addressed, it generally resulted in them being moved teams or let go. If you're not Susan Fowler, the lesson is clear, the squeaky wheel is moved to protect the engine.
Here is some reading for you:
https://www.eeoc.gov/harassment