2. Apple does this using Keychain (iCloud), but that's limited to Safari in iOS/iPadOS/macOS.
3. I assume would be treated as any other MFA option; if you lose your auth code generator with no backups, you're SOL. With Apple, you can setup what they call a contact recovery, which lets a trusted contact be a point of recovery for your account.
4. I don't believe this is an issue specific to Passkeys.
5. Account recovery isn't really necessary, unless you hit up against point 3, in which case it's about recovering your ability to use the passkey and not so much the account.
6. If emails are being treated as usernames, they absolutely should be validated.