Whilst single hop proxies are great at stopping IP level tracking, they are just that: single hop. They can be trivially torn apart to uncover the real person behind it, much like a VPN.

Multi hop makes it more difficult. You could chain a bunch of proxies together to make trivial correlation attacks much harder, just like Tor does.

As for Apple's private relay: it's a cute idea, but Apple has other telemetry endpoints it can use to see what you're doing on a device. Whilst private relay does the job, you are surveilled in other ways by Apple, so it's really a marketing ploy and 'privacy washing' on the part of Apple.

Then there's extreme steps you can take like booting a Whonix workstation coupled with a gateway if your threat model requires it and you really don't want to be decloaked.

Most are happy buying a few SOCKS5 proxies and calling it a day. You can mess with AD tech by regularly changing your IP and surfing in isolated sessions to stop cookies correlating your old IP with your new IP.