What "respecting people's privacy" means is very unclear and varies widely from person to person (the best quote I've heard on the topic is something to the effect of "People claim they value their privacy but then they'll give their information to a clipboard-holder in a mall for a Snickers bar... In fact, usually they don't even offer the Snickers.").
In that context, companies do their best to guess what their users want and ask for explicit consent when they can't. In Google's case, once we actually dig down and unravel the complaint that was filed by the Texas AG (https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/sites/default/files/ima..., page 55-ish), the claim is Incognito mode doesn't stop targeted advertising based on browsing behavior because the fact that browsing occurred is known by the servers. Well, duh. Of course servers have a history of access to them; expecting them to not is like expecting Amazon to not have a list of people that ordered from it (how are they supposed to ship you what you ordered if they don't know that?).
And in the cases where people have gotten retargeted ads because they went incognito and then logged into Google... how the heck do they figure they're in any sensible way "incognito" when their name and face are at the top of the page they're viewing?