This article goes through a bunch of ways to get both biased and unbiased random numbers by using a variety of methods, some of which use division: https://www.pcg-random.org/posts/bounded-rands.html

Those examples are all relatively low-level. Many high-level languages provide a floating point interface on top of such an underlying integer pseudo randomness algorithm. This is the reason why much high-level code use multiplication to get a ranged value.

This post goes into some detail about how the V8 JavaScript engine creates a [0, 1) floating point pseudo random value from its underlying integer pseudo-random algorithm: https://v8.dev/blog/math-random